Fertilization Recommendations

Cereals

A balanced fertilization program is critical for achieving high yields and good grain quality. Below we present a general fertilization plan, which can be adjusted according to soil conditions and crop needs.

1. Base Fertilization (Before or During Sowing)

Period: October – November
Fertilizer Type: Compound granular NPK (e.g. 15-15-15, 20-10-10)
Dosage: 40–50 kg/acre
Purpose: Supply essential macronutrients for a strong start.

2. First Boost (Tillering Stage)

Period: December – January (optional)
Fertilizer Type: Ammonium or nitrate nitrogen (e.g. ammonium sulfate)
Dosage: 10–15 kg/acre
Purpose: Enhance foliage development and tillering under cold conditions.

3. Main Nitrogen Application (Stem Elongation)

Period: February
Fertilizer Type: Urea, nitrate, or ammonium sulfate (stabilized if possible)
Dosage: 15–20 kg/acre
Purpose: Improve leaf area and photosynthesis.

4. Final Fertilization (Grain Filling)

Period: March
Fertilizer Type: Nitrate nitrogen
Dosage: 10–15 kg/acre
Purpose: Enhance grain filling and grain weight.

Supplementary Foliar Nutrition

  • Water-soluble NPK fertilizers (e.g. 20-20-20, 10-52-10)
  • Micronutrients (Zinc, Manganese, Iron, Boron)
  • Foliar sprays at stem elongation or other critical growth stages

Useful Notes:

  • The use of stabilized nitrogen forms is preferred to avoid losses.
  • Sulfur (S) supports nitrogen nutrition and improves protein quality.
  • Soil analysis is essential before each fertilizer application.